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Klemen Dretnik, a PhD student at the Department of Biochemistry and Molexular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenija, visited Human Technolpol Institute, Milano, Italy, for a total of 2 weeks in 2025, under the supervision of Dr. Francesca Coscia.

This collaboration aimed to elucidate the structural basis for the relationship link between increased iodination of thyroglobulin (TG) and its potential link to autoimmunity and thyroid disorders. During his visit he used protein production and EM facility available at Human Technopol Institute. Negative-stain electron microscopy was performed on iodinated TG samples to assess structural characteristics and sample quality for further structural studies. Recombinant iodine-free TG produced during the visit was used for time-resolved LC-MS/MS analysis of iodination. This revealed more iodination sites than expected and suggests a sequential nature of iodination in which hormonogenic sites may be modified earlier, indicating a potentially more focused repertoire of iodinated autoimmunogenic epitopes.

This visit contributed to the transfer of advanced methodology and the expansion of structural expertise in Slovenia.

The visit was funded by Instruct.SI to which they thank for support.

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